{"id":304,"date":"2026-10-04T00:48:53","date_gmt":"2026-10-04T00:48:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/otomasiplcbandung.com\/?p=304"},"modified":"2026-10-05T06:39:23","modified_gmt":"2026-10-05T06:39:23","slug":"materi-dasar-plc","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/otomasiplcbandung.com\/?p=304","title":{"rendered":"MATERI DASAR PLC"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Modul Praktik PLC Omron<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Kendali Motor 3 Fasa Menggunakan Inverter dengan Tombol START\u2013STOP dan 2 Lampu Indikator<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Modul Praktik PLC Omron \u2014 Kendali Motor dengan Inverter<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">MODUL PRAKTIK PLC OMRON<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Kendali Motor 3 Fasa Menggunakan Inverter<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">A. Tujuan Praktik<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Setelah menyelesaikan praktik ini, peserta diharapkan mampu:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Menjelaskan fungsi dasar PLC.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Mengenali input dan output PLC.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Membedakan kontak NO dan NC.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Membuat rangkaian START\u2013STOP.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Membuat rangkaian self-holding.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Mengendalikan inverter menggunakan output PLC.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Menggunakan dua lampu sebagai indikator kondisi motor.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Membaca dan memahami Ladder Diagram.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Melakukan pemeriksaan ketika sistem tidak bekerja.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Memahami prinsip dasar keselamatan kerja pada sistem kontrol motor.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">B. Dasar Teori<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. Apa itu PLC?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">PLC atau <strong>Programmable Logic Controller<\/strong> adalah perangkat kontrol yang digunakan untuk menjalankan suatu proses berdasarkan program.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Secara sederhana:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>INPUT \u2192 PLC \u2192 OUTPUT<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Contohnya:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Tombol START \u2192 PLC \u2192 Inverter \u2192 Motor<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">PLC menerima informasi dari tombol atau sensor, kemudian menjalankan program dan mengaktifkan output sesuai logika yang telah dibuat.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">C. Komponen Praktik<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Komponen yang diperlukan:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>No.<\/th><th>Komponen<\/th><th>Jumlah<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>1<\/td><td>PLC Omron<\/td><td>1 unit<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>2<\/td><td>Inverter\/VFD<\/td><td>1 unit<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>3<\/td><td>Motor 3 fasa<\/td><td>1 unit<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>4<\/td><td>Push button START NO<\/td><td>1<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>5<\/td><td>Push button STOP NC<\/td><td>1<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>6<\/td><td>Lampu indikator hijau<\/td><td>1<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>7<\/td><td>Lampu indikator merah<\/td><td>1<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>8<\/td><td>Power supply kontrol sesuai PLC<\/td><td>1<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>9<\/td><td>Kabel kontrol<\/td><td>Secukupnya<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>10<\/td><td>Pengaman listrik sesuai rancangan<\/td><td>Sesuai kebutuhan<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Catatan keselamatan:<\/strong> Tegangan daya motor dan terminal inverter dapat berbahaya. Praktik bagian daya harus dilakukan oleh instruktur\/teknisi yang kompeten. Untuk latihan pemula, bagian kontrol PLC sebaiknya diuji terlebih dahulu tanpa motor bertegangan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">D. Pembagian Input dan Output<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Untuk latihan kita menggunakan alamat contoh berikut:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>Alamat<\/th><th>Nama<\/th><th>Fungsi<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>0.00<\/td><td>START<\/td><td>Tombol START NO<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>0.01<\/td><td>STOP<\/td><td>Tombol STOP NC<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>100.00<\/td><td>MOTOR_RUN<\/td><td>Perintah RUN inverter<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>100.01<\/td><td>LAMP_GREEN<\/td><td>Indikator motor RUN<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>100.02<\/td><td>LAMP_RED<\/td><td>Indikator motor STOP<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Penting:<\/strong> alamat di atas adalah contoh. Pada PLC Omron tertentu, format alamat dapat berbeda. Ikuti alamat yang sesuai dengan tipe PLC dan software yang digunakan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">E. Prinsip Kerja Sistem<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Sistem mempunyai dua kondisi utama.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Kondisi 1 \u2014 Motor STOP<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Motor berhenti.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Lampu hijau OFF.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Lampu merah ON.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Output RUN inverter OFF.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Kondisi 2 \u2014 Motor RUN<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Motor berjalan.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Lampu hijau ON.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Lampu merah OFF.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Output RUN inverter ON.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Urutan kerja:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>START ditekan \u2192 PLC RUN \u2192 output RUN aktif \u2192 inverter menerima perintah \u2192 motor berjalan.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ketika START dilepas, motor tetap berjalan karena digunakan rangkaian <strong>self-holding<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ketika STOP ditekan:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>STOP \u2192 RUN PLC OFF \u2192 perintah inverter OFF \u2192 motor berhenti.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">F. Memahami NO dan NC<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. Push Button START \u2014 NO<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">NO berarti <strong>Normally Open<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Kondisi normal:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>\u2500\u2500\u2500  \u2500\u2500\u2500\n OPEN\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ketika ditekan:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2524 \u251c\u2500\u2500\u2500\n CLOSED\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">START hanya memberikan perintah ketika tombol ditekan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. Push Button STOP \u2014 NC<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">NC berarti <strong>Normally Closed<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Kondisi normal:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2524 \u251c\u2500\u2500\u2500\n CLOSED\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ketika ditekan:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>\u2500\u2500\u2500  \u2500\u2500\u2500\n OPEN\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Karena STOP membuka rangkaian ketika ditekan, perintah RUN akan hilang.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">G. Ladder Diagram<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Kita buat program menjadi tiga bagian.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Rung 1 \u2014 START\/STOP dan Self-Holding<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\"> <code>|----[\/ STOP ]----+----[ START ]------------( MOTOR_RUN )\n |                 |\n |                 +----[ MOTOR_RUN ]--------|\n |\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Keterangan:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><code>[\/ STOP ]<\/code> = kondisi STOP.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>[ START ]<\/code> = tombol START.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>[ MOTOR_RUN ]<\/code> = kontak pengunci.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>( MOTOR_RUN )<\/code> = coil perintah RUN.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Cara membacanya:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Jika STOP mengizinkan dan START ditekan, MOTOR_RUN aktif.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Setelah MOTOR_RUN aktif, kontak MOTOR_RUN ikut menutup sehingga rangkaian tetap aktif walaupun START dilepas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">H. Rung 2 \u2014 Lampu Hijau<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\"> <code>|----[ MOTOR_RUN ]----------------( LAMP_GREEN )\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Artinya:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Jika MOTOR_RUN ON, lampu hijau ON.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Jadi lampu hijau menjadi indikator bahwa PLC sedang memberikan perintah RUN kepada inverter.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">I. Rung 3 \u2014 Lampu Merah<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\"> <code>|----[\/ MOTOR_RUN ]---------------( LAMP_RED )\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Artinya:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Jika MOTOR_RUN OFF, lampu merah ON.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Sehingga ketika motor berhenti:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>MOTOR_RUN OFF \u2192 Lampu merah ON.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">J. Program Lengkap<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Jika digabungkan:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>RUNG 1\n\n |----&#91;\/ STOP ]----+----&#91; START ]------------( MOTOR_RUN )\n |                 |\n |                 +----&#91; MOTOR_RUN ]--------|\n\n\nRUNG 2\n\n |----&#91; MOTOR_RUN ]----------------( LAMP_GREEN )\n\n\nRUNG 3\n\n |----&#91;\/ MOTOR_RUN ]---------------( LAMP_RED )\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Inilah inti program latihan kita.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">K. Tabel Kondisi<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>STOP<\/th><th>START<\/th><th>MOTOR_RUN<\/th><th>Hijau<\/th><th>Merah<\/th><th>Motor<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Normal<\/td><td>Tidak ditekan<\/td><td>OFF<\/td><td>OFF<\/td><td>ON<\/td><td>STOP<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Normal<\/td><td>Ditekan<\/td><td>ON<\/td><td>ON<\/td><td>OFF<\/td><td>RUN<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Normal<\/td><td>Dilepas setelah START<\/td><td>ON<\/td><td>ON<\/td><td>OFF<\/td><td>RUN<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>STOP ditekan<\/td><td>Apa pun<\/td><td>OFF<\/td><td>OFF<\/td><td>ON<\/td><td>STOP<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Perhatikan baris ketiga.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">START sudah dilepas, tetapi MOTOR_RUN masih ON.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Itulah fungsi self-holding.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">L. Hubungan PLC dengan Inverter<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bagian kontrol dapat digambarkan secara sederhana:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\"> <code>            PLC\n       \u250c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2510\n       \u2502              \u2502\n       \u2502 Output       \u2502\n       \u2502 100.00       \u2502\n       \u2514\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u252c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2518\n              \u2502\n              \u2502 RUN command\n              \u25bc\n       \u250c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2510\n       \u2502   INVERTER   \u2502\n       \u2502              \u2502\n       \u2502 RUN input    \u2502\n       \u2514\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u252c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2518\n              \u2502\n              \u2502 U - V - W\n              \u25bc\n       \u250c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2510\n       \u2502    MOTOR     \u2502\n       \u2502   3 FASA     \u2502\n       \u2514\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2518\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Perhatian:<\/strong> koneksi terminal PLC ke terminal kontrol inverter berbeda-beda menurut merek dan tipe inverter. Jangan menyambungkan terminal hanya berdasarkan gambar umum ini.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">M. Prinsip Wiring Input<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Contoh konsep input:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>+24V\n \u2502\n \u2502\n&#91; START NO ]\n \u2502\n \u2514\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u25ba PLC INPUT 0.00\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Untuk STOP:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>+24V\n \u2502\n \u2502\n&#91; STOP NC ]\n \u2502\n \u2514\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u25ba PLC INPUT 0.01\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Namun konfigurasi common\/input PLC Omron berbeda menurut tipe PLC. Sebelum wiring, periksa diagram terminal pada manual PLC yang digunakan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">N. Wiring Lampu<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Konsepnya:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>PLC OUTPUT 100.01 \u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u25ba LAMPU HIJAU\n\nPLC OUTPUT 100.02 \u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u25ba LAMPU MERAH\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pastikan jenis output PLC dan tegangan lampu sesuai.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Jangan langsung menghubungkan beban yang tidak sesuai dengan rating output PLC.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Untuk beban yang lebih besar, gunakan relay\/interface atau contactor sesuai rancangan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">O. Setting Dasar Inverter<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Sebelum motor dijalankan, inverter perlu dikonfigurasi agar:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Perintah RUN berasal dari terminal kontrol yang sesuai.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Frekuensi\/kecepatan ditentukan sesuai metode yang dipilih.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Waktu akselerasi sesuai kebutuhan.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Waktu deselerasi sesuai kebutuhan.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Data motor dimasukkan sesuai nameplate.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Proteksi motor diatur sesuai spesifikasi.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Untuk praktik pertama, gunakan frekuensi rendah dan kondisi pengujian yang aman.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Parameter inverter tidak boleh ditebak<\/strong>, karena nomor dan fungsi parameter berbeda menurut merek dan tipe inverter.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">P. Prosedur Praktik<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Tahap 1 \u2014 Pemeriksaan<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Sebelum memberikan listrik:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Pastikan semua kabel terpasang dengan benar.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Pastikan tidak ada kabel terkelupas.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Pastikan tidak ada hubungan singkat.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Periksa tegangan supply.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Pastikan motor sesuai dengan konfigurasi inverter.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Pastikan terminal kontrol inverter benar.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Pastikan Emergency Stop\/sistem keselamatan tersedia sesuai rancangan praktik.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Tahap 2 \u2014 Pengujian PLC Tanpa Motor<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ini sangat dianjurkan untuk pemula.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nyalakan PLC tetapi jangan dahulu menjalankan motor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Perhatikan:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>STOP normal \u2192 lampu merah ON.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tekan START:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>START \u2192 MOTOR_RUN ON \u2192 lampu hijau ON \u2192 lampu merah OFF.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Lepaskan START:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>MOTOR_RUN tetap ON.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tekan STOP:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>MOTOR_RUN OFF \u2192 lampu hijau OFF \u2192 lampu merah ON.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Jika logika ini sudah benar, barulah lanjut ke pengujian inverter dan motor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Q. Simulasi Kondisi<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Kondisi awal<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>START = OFF\nSTOP = Normal\nMOTOR_RUN = OFF\nGREEN = OFF\nRED = ON\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">START ditekan<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>START = ON\n       \u2193\nMOTOR_RUN = ON\n       \u2193\nGREEN = ON\nRED = OFF\n       \u2193\nINVERTER RUN\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">START dilepas<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>START = OFF\n       \u2193\nMOTOR_RUN tetap ON\n       \u2193\nMotor tetap RUN\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Mengapa?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Karena kontak MOTOR_RUN melakukan <strong>self-holding<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">STOP ditekan<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>STOP = OFF\n       \u2193\nMOTOR_RUN = OFF\n       \u2193\nGREEN = OFF\nRED = ON\n       \u2193\nINVERTER STOP\n       \u2193\nMotor berhenti\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">R. Latihan untuk Peserta<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Setelah program berhasil, peserta jangan langsung selesai.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Coba jawab pertanyaan berikut.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Pertanyaan 1<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Apa fungsi START?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Jawaban:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Memberikan perintah untuk mengaktifkan MOTOR_RUN.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Pertanyaan 2<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Apa fungsi STOP?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Jawaban:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Menghilangkan perintah MOTOR_RUN sehingga sistem berhenti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Pertanyaan 3<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Mengapa motor tetap berjalan setelah START dilepas?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Jawaban:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Karena menggunakan rangkaian self-holding.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Pertanyaan 4<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Apa fungsi inverter?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Jawaban:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Sebagai pengendali motor yang menerima perintah kontrol dan menghasilkan keluaran untuk motor sesuai pengaturan inverter.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Pertanyaan 5<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Apakah PLC boleh langsung menghidupkan motor 3 fasa?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Jawaban:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tidak. Output PLC bukan pengganti inverter atau perangkat switching daya motor. Sistem motor harus menggunakan perangkat daya yang sesuai, dan dalam latihan ini PLC memberikan perintah kepada inverter.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">S. Troubleshooting<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Masalah 1 \u2014 START ditekan tetapi motor tidak RUN<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Periksa:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Apakah input START PLC berubah?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Apakah MOTOR_RUN berubah ON?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Apakah output PLC berubah?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Apakah inverter menerima perintah RUN?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Apakah inverter sedang FAULT?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Apakah setting sumber perintah RUN inverter sudah benar?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Apakah wiring terminal kontrol benar?<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Masalah 2 \u2014 Motor langsung berhenti setelah START dilepas<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Kemungkinan:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Self-holding belum benar.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Periksa kontak MOTOR_RUN pada Rung 1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Seharusnya:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\"> <code>|----[\/ STOP ]----+----[ START ]--------( MOTOR_RUN )\n |                 |\n |                 +----[ MOTOR_RUN ]----|\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Masalah 3 \u2014 Lampu merah tidak menyala<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Periksa:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>alamat output,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>wiring lampu,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>common output,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>tegangan lampu,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>kondisi kontak NC MOTOR_RUN dalam program.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Masalah 4 \u2014 Lampu hijau menyala tetapi motor tidak berputar<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ini sangat menarik.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Artinya:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>PLC kemungkinan sudah menjalankan logika dengan benar, tetapi masalah berada pada jalur setelah PLC.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Periksa:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>PLC\n \u2193\nOutput\n \u2193\nTerminal kontrol inverter\n \u2193\nSetting inverter\n \u2193\nFault inverter\n \u2193\nMotor\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Inilah cara berpikir seorang teknisi:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Jangan langsung menyalahkan program PLC. Tentukan dulu bagian sistem mana yang gagal.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">T. Latihan Pengembangan<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Setelah program dasar berhasil, peserta dapat mengembangkan sistem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Latihan 1<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tambahkan tombol RESET.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Latihan 2<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tambahkan lampu FAULT inverter.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Latihan 3<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Gunakan input dari inverter sebagai feedback RUN.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Latihan 4<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Gunakan selector:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>MANUAL \/ AUTO\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Latihan 5<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tambahkan sensor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Contoh:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>Sensor ON\n   \u2193\nPLC\n   \u2193\nMotor RUN\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Latihan 6<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tambahkan timer sehingga motor baru berjalan beberapa detik setelah START.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Latihan 7<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Buat sistem otomatis:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>START\n \u2193\nMotor RUN\n \u2193\nTimer\n \u2193\nMotor STOP\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Dengan latihan bertahap seperti ini, peserta mulai memahami bagaimana PLC digunakan dalam mesin industri.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">U. Keselamatan Kerja<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ini bagian yang tidak boleh dilewati.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Jangan bekerja pada terminal listrik bertegangan tanpa kompetensi dan pengawasan yang sesuai.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Matikan sumber energi sebelum melakukan perubahan wiring.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Gunakan pengaman listrik yang sesuai.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Pastikan grounding\/PE sesuai rancangan.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Jangan menyentuh terminal inverter setelah power dimatikan sebelum memastikan tegangan DC bus sudah aman.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Gunakan motor dan inverter sesuai spesifikasinya.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Jangan menguji motor tanpa memperhatikan kondisi mekanis dan beban.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Emergency Stop harus dirancang sesuai prinsip keselamatan mesin dan tidak semata-mata mengandalkan software PLC.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Untuk praktik siswa, selalu berada di bawah pengawasan instruktur\/guru\/teknisi yang kompeten.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">V. Kesimpulan<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Dari latihan sederhana ini kita mendapatkan beberapa konsep penting:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>1. Input<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">PLC menerima informasi:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>START\nSTOP\nSensor\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>2. Program<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">PLC melakukan logika:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>START + STOP + SELF HOLD\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>3. Output<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">PLC memberikan perintah:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>RUN inverter\nLampu hijau\nLampu merah\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>4. Inverter<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Inverter mengendalikan motor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>5. Motor<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Motor menjalankan pekerjaan mekanis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Sehingga alur lengkapnya:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>\u250c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2510\n\u2502  INPUT   \u2502\n\u2502 START    \u2502\n\u2502 STOP     \u2502\n\u2514\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u252c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2518\n     \u2193\n\u250c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2510\n\u2502   PLC    \u2502\n\u2502  LOGIKA  \u2502\n\u2514\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u252c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2518\n     \u2193\n\u250c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2510\n\u2502  OUTPUT  \u2502\n\u2502 RUN      \u2502\n\u2502 LAMPU    \u2502\n\u2514\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u252c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2518\n     \u2193\n\u250c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2510\n\u2502 INVERTER \u2502\n\u2514\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u252c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2518\n     \u2193\n\u250c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2510\n\u2502  MOTOR   \u2502\n\u2514\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2518\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Pesan untuk peserta<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Jangan takut melihat Ladder Diagram.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">PLC sebenarnya sedang mengajarkan kita <strong>cara berpikir secara logis<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Mulailah dari pertanyaan sederhana:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Apa inputnya?<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Apa yang harus dilakukan PLC?<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Apa outputnya?<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Apa yang terjadi jika salah satu kondisi berubah?<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Kalau empat pertanyaan tersebut sudah bisa dijawab, sedikit demi sedikit peserta akan mampu membuat program PLC sendiri.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Jangan hanya menjadi orang yang bisa memasukkan program ke PLC. Jadilah teknisi yang memahami mengapa program tersebut bekerja.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Modul Praktik PLC Omron Kendali Motor 3 Fasa Menggunakan Inverter dengan Tombol START\u2013STOP dan 2 Lampu Indikator Modul Praktik PLC [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-304","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-logika-dasar-otomasi"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/otomasiplcbandung.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/304","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/otomasiplcbandung.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/otomasiplcbandung.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/otomasiplcbandung.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/otomasiplcbandung.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=304"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/otomasiplcbandung.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/304\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":306,"href":"https:\/\/otomasiplcbandung.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/304\/revisions\/306"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/otomasiplcbandung.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=304"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/otomasiplcbandung.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=304"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/otomasiplcbandung.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=304"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}