{"id":489,"date":"2026-10-06T12:16:19","date_gmt":"2026-10-06T12:16:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/otomasiplcbandung.com\/?p=489"},"modified":"2026-10-07T01:36:09","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T01:36:09","slug":"voltmeter-dan-ampere-meter","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/otomasiplcbandung.com\/?p=489","title":{"rendered":"VOLTMETER DAN AMPERE METER"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Voltmeter dan Ampere Meter: Dasar Alat Ukur Listrik<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. Pengertian alat ukur listrik<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Alat ukur listrik digunakan untuk mengetahui besaran listrik pada suatu rangkaian. Dua alat ukur yang sangat penting bagi siswa SMK adalah:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Voltmeter<\/strong> \u2192 mengukur tegangan listrik.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Ampere meter (ammeter)<\/strong> \u2192 mengukur arus listrik.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Keduanya memiliki fungsi yang berbeda dan <strong>cara pemasangannya juga berbeda<\/strong>. Kesalahan memasang alat ukur dapat menyebabkan alat rusak atau menimbulkan bahaya.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. Voltmeter<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Apa itu voltmeter?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Voltmeter adalah alat ukur yang digunakan untuk mengukur beda potensial atau tegangan listrik.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Satuan tegangan adalah <strong>Volt (V)<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Contohnya:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Baterai: sekitar 1,5 V.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Sistem kontrol tertentu: 24 VDC.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Instalasi listrik rumah: sekitar 220\u2013230 VAC, tergantung sistem dan kondisi jaringan.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Bagaimana voltmeter dipasang?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Voltmeter dipasang <strong>secara paralel<\/strong> terhadap komponen atau sumber tegangan yang ingin diukur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Contohnya:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\"> <code>      Sumber Tegangan\n       +           -\n       \u2502           \u2502\n       \u2502   \u250c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2510  \u2502\n       \u251c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2524  V \u251c\u2500\u2500\u2524\n       \u2502   \u2514\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2518  \u2502\n       \u2502           \u2502\n       \u2514\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2518\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Artinya, kedua probe voltmeter ditempatkan pada <strong>dua titik yang ingin diketahui beda tegangannya<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Contoh mengukur power supply 24 VDC<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\"> <code>      POWER SUPPLY\n       +24V      0V\n        \u2502         \u2502\n        \u2502    \u250c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2534\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2510\n        \u2514\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2524    V    \u251c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2518\n             \u2514\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2518\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Jika power supply bekerja normal, voltmeter akan menunjukkan nilai mendekati tegangan keluarannya, misalnya <strong>24 VDC<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3. Mengukur tegangan AC dan DC<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Voltmeter atau multimeter biasanya memiliki pilihan:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>V~<\/strong> \u2192 tegangan AC.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>V\u2393<\/strong> atau simbol DC \u2192 tegangan DC.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Contohnya:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Mengukur AC 220 V \u2192 pilih pengukuran AC.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Mengukur output power supply 24 VDC \u2192 pilih pengukuran DC.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Jangan memilih mode pengukuran secara sembarangan. Pastikan jenis tegangan yang akan diukur diketahui terlebih dahulu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4. Ampere Meter<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Apa itu ampere meter?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Ampere meter adalah alat ukur yang digunakan untuk mengukur arus listrik yang mengalir dalam suatu rangkaian.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Satuan arus listrik adalah <strong>Ampere (A)<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Misalnya sebuah motor mempunyai arus kerja tertentu. Arus tersebut dapat diukur untuk membantu mengetahui kondisi operasi motor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5. Bagaimana ampere meter dipasang?<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Berbeda dengan voltmeter, ampere meter konvensional dipasang <strong>secara seri<\/strong> dengan rangkaian yang arusnya ingin diukur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Contoh sederhana:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\"> <code>      + \u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u250c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2510\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500 Beban \u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500 -\n               \u2502  A  \u2502\n               \u2514\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2518\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Arus harus <strong>melewati ampere meter<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Karena itu, pemasangan ampere meter secara langsung paralel terhadap sumber tegangan dapat menyebabkan kondisi berbahaya atau merusak alat.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">6. Clamp meter<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Dalam praktik industri, teknisi sering menggunakan <strong>clamp meter<\/strong> untuk mengukur arus.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Keuntungannya, peng beberapa penghantar yang arusnya saling berlawanan dijepukuran dapat dilakukan dengan menjepit salah satu konduktor tanpa harus memutus rangkaian.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Contohnya:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\"> <code>      Kabel penghantar\n              \u2502\n              \u2502\n          \u250c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2534\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2510\n          \u2502 CLAMP \u2502\n          \u2502 METER \u2502\n          \u2514\u2500\u2500\u2500\u252c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2518\n              \u2502\n              \u2502\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Catatan penting:<\/strong> untuk pengukuran arus menggunakan clamp meter, umumnya rahang dijepit pada <strong>satu penghantar saja<\/strong>. Jika beberapa penghantar yang arusnya saling berlawanan dijepit sekaligus, pembacaan dapat menjadi tidak sesuai untuk tujuan pengukuran tersebut.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">7. Perbedaan voltmeter dan ampere meter<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>Alat<\/th><th>Mengukur<\/th><th>Satuan<\/th><th>Pemasangan umum<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><strong>Voltmeter<\/strong><\/td><td>Tegangan<\/td><td>Volt (V)<\/td><td>Paralel<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Ampere meter<\/strong><\/td><td>Arus<\/td><td>Ampere (A)<\/td><td>Seri<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Clamp meter<\/strong><\/td><td>Arus<\/td><td>Ampere (A)<\/td><td>Menjepit penghantar<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Cara mudah mengingatnya:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Voltmeter melihat \u201cbeda tegangan\u201d antara dua titik.<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Ampere meter mengukur \u201carus yang mengalir\u201d melalui rangkaian.<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">8. Hubungan dengan kontaktor dan motor<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Setelah siswa memahami alat ukur, kita bisa menghubungkannya dengan materi kontaktor dan motor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Misalnya:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\"> <code>      L1 \u2500\u2500\u2500 Kontaktor \u2500\u2500\u2500 TOR \u2500\u2500\u2500 Motor\n       L2 \u2500\u2500\u2500 Kontaktor \u2500\u2500\u2500 TOR \u2500\u2500\u2500 Motor\n       L3 \u2500\u2500\u2500 Kontaktor \u2500\u2500\u2500 TOR \u2500\u2500\u2500 Motor\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Dengan alat ukur, teknisi dapat melakukan pemeriksaan seperti:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Voltmeter:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Mengukur tegangan antar-fasa.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Mengukur tegangan fasa-netral jika sistem menyediakan netral.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Memeriksa tegangan kontrol.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Memeriksa output power supply 24 VDC.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Ampere meter\/clamp meter:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Mengukur arus motor.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Membandingkan arus antar-fasa.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Membantu mengetahui apakah motor bekerja mendekati kondisi normal atau mengalami arus yang tidak semestinya.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">9. Hubungan dengan PLC<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Alat ukur juga sangat penting ketika melakukan troubleshooting PLC.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Misalnya PLC tidak menyala.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Teknisi dapat memeriksa secara bertahap:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>AC Supply\n   \u2193\nMCB\n   \u2193\nPower Supply\n   \u2193\n24 VDC\n   \u2193\nPLC\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Voltmeter dapat digunakan untuk memeriksa apakah tegangan tersedia pada titik-titik yang sesuai.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Misalnya:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Apakah power supply menerima tegangan input?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Apakah output power supply menghasilkan 24 VDC?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Apakah tegangan sampai ke terminal supply PLC?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Dengan cara tersebut, teknisi tidak hanya menebak-nebak penyebab kerusakan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">10. Keselamatan saat menggunakan alat ukur<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ini bagian yang sangat penting untuk siswa SMK.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Sebelum melakukan pengukuran:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Kenali rangkaian yang akan diukur.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Pastikan alat ukur memiliki rating yang sesuai.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Pilih mode AC atau DC yang benar.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Pilih range yang sesuai jika alat menggunakan pemilihan range manual.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Periksa kondisi probe dan kabel.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Gunakan APD sesuai risiko pekerjaan.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Jangan menyentuh bagian konduktif yang bertegangan.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Untuk pengukuran arus dengan multimeter, pastikan kabel probe berada pada terminal yang benar dan metode pengukuran memang sesuai.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Untuk rangkaian tegangan tinggi, pengukuran harus dilakukan oleh orang yang kompeten dan mengikuti prosedur keselamatan.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Khusus siswa yang baru belajar, pengukuran pada listrik AC 220 V atau rangkaian motor 3 fasa sebaiknya dilakukan di bawah pengawasan guru\/instruktur yang kompeten.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">11. Kesimpulan<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Voltmeter dan ampere meter merupakan dasar penting sebelum mempelajari sistem kontrol industri.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Voltmeter \u2192 mengukur tegangan \u2192 dipasang paralel.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Ampere meter \u2192 mengukur arus \u2192 secara konvensional dipasang seri.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Clamp meter \u2192 mengukur arus dengan menjepit penghantar sesuai prosedur alat.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">semoga bermanfaat <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Voltmeter dan Ampere Meter: Dasar Alat Ukur Listrik 1. Pengertian alat ukur listrik Alat ukur listrik digunakan untuk mengetahui besaran [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-489","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-logika-dasar-otomasi"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/otomasiplcbandung.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/489","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/otomasiplcbandung.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/otomasiplcbandung.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/otomasiplcbandung.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/otomasiplcbandung.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=489"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/otomasiplcbandung.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/489\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":490,"href":"https:\/\/otomasiplcbandung.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/489\/revisions\/490"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/otomasiplcbandung.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=489"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/otomasiplcbandung.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=489"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/otomasiplcbandung.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=489"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}