{"id":516,"date":"2026-10-07T04:00:37","date_gmt":"2026-10-07T04:00:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/otomasiplcbandung.com\/?p=516"},"modified":"2026-10-09T14:20:15","modified_gmt":"2026-10-09T14:20:15","slug":"bab-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/otomasiplcbandung.com\/?p=516","title":{"rendered":"BAB  2  #  BELAJAR PLC DASAR  AVOMETER"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">MENGUKUR DAN MEMBACA WIRING 24 VDC DENGAN MULTIMETER<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Tujuan pembelajaran<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Setelah menyelesaikan bab ini, diharapkan mampu:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Mengenali terminal <strong>+24 V dan 0 V<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Menggunakan multimeter untuk mengukur tegangan DC.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Menentukan titik ukur yang benar.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Mengetahui apakah power supply menghasilkan 24 VDC.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Mengukur tegangan pada sensor dan input PLC.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Memahami perbedaan kondisi <strong>ON dan OFF<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Melakukan pemeriksaan sederhana ketika input PLC tidak ON.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. Mengenal multimeter<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Multimeter adalah alat ukur yang dapat digunakan untuk mengukur beberapa besaran listrik, misalnya:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Tegangan<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Arus<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Resistansi<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Untuk latihan PLC kita terutama menggunakan <strong>pengukuran tegangan DC (VDC)<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pada multimeter biasanya terdapat pilihan seperti:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>V~\nAC Voltage\n\nV\u2393\nDC Voltage\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Untuk sistem PLC <strong>24 VDC<\/strong>, kita memilih <strong>DC Voltage<\/strong>, bukan AC Voltage.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u26a0\ufe0f Keselamatan: untuk latihan gunakan rangkaian 24 VDC yang sudah terisolasi dan memiliki proteksi yang sesuai. Pengukuran bagian AC 220 V sebaiknya dilakukan hanya dengan pengawasan instruktur\/guru yang kompeten.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. Posisi probe multimeter<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Umumnya terdapat dua probe:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\ud83d\udd34 <strong>Probe merah \u2192 terminal V<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u26ab <strong>Probe hitam \u2192 terminal COM<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Contoh:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>Multimeter\n\n   \ud83d\udd34 MERAH\n      \u2502\n      \u2502 V\n   \u250c\u2500\u2500\u2534\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2510\n   \u2502 MULTIMETER\u2502\n   \u2514\u2500\u2500\u252c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2518\n      \u2502 COM\n      \u2502\n   \u26ab HITAM\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Untuk mengukur tegangan, jangan memasukkan probe merah ke terminal <strong>A\/mA<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Untuk latihan tegangan 24 VDC:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>Merah  \u2192 V\nHitam  \u2192 COM\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3. Mengukur power supply 24 VDC<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Sekarang kita lakukan pengukuran paling dasar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>Power Supply 24 VDC\n\n       +24V \u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2510\n                            \u2502\n                         \ud83d\udd34 Probe\n                            \u2502\n                         MULTIMETER\n                            \u2502\n                         \u26ab Probe\n                            \u2502\n       0V \u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2518\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Posisi multimeter:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>DC Voltage<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Probe:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Merah \u2192 +24 V<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Hitam \u2192 0 V<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Jika power supply normal, pembacaan bisa berada di sekitar:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>24 VDC<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nilai aktual dapat sedikit berbeda tergantung power supply dan kondisi sistem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4. Mengapa probe hitam ke 0 V?<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Karena kita membutuhkan <strong>titik referensi<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Secara sederhana:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>Titik ukur A = +24 V\nTitik referensi = 0 V\n\nTegangan yang dibaca \u2248 24 V\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Jadi ketika kita mengatakan:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&#8220;Di terminal ini ada 24 V.&#8221;<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">maksudnya adalah:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&#8220;Tegangan terminal tersebut sekitar 24 V <strong>terhadap 0 V<\/strong>.&#8221;<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ini konsep yang sangat penting untuk siswa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5. Bagaimana jika probe dibalik?<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Misalnya:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>Merah \u2192 0 V\nHitam \u2192 +24 V\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Multimeter DC biasanya akan menunjukkan:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u221224 V<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">atau nilai negatif yang mendekati itu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tidak berarti power supply rusak.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Artinya:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Polaritas probe terbalik terhadap titik referensi.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ini latihan yang bagus untuk siswa agar memahami <strong>polaritas<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">6. Mengukur sensor 24 VDC<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Sekarang kita gunakan sensor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Sensor 3 kabel yang umum:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>Brown  \u2192 +24 V\nBlue   \u2192 0 V\nBlack  \u2192 Output\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Kita bisa melakukan tiga pemeriksaan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Pengukuran pertama<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Brown terhadap Blue<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>Merah \u2192 Brown\nHitam \u2192 Blue\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Hasil yang diharapkan:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u2248 24 VDC<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Artinya sensor mendapatkan supply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Pengukuran kedua<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Kita ukur output sensor terhadap 0 V.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>Merah \u2192 Black\nHitam \u2192 Blue\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ketika sensor <strong>OFF<\/strong>, pada sensor PNP biasanya output mendekati:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>0 V<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ketika sensor <strong>ON<\/strong>, output biasanya mendekati:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>+24 V<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Contohnya:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>SENSOR OFF\n\nBlack \u2192 Blue\n\u2248 0 V\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">dan:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>SENSOR ON\n\nBlack \u2192 Blue\n\u2248 24 V\n\n\n\n mulai bisa melihat hubungan langsung antara <strong>sensor ON\/OFF dan teg<\/strong><\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">7. Menghubungkan sensor ke input PLC<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Misalnya sensor PNP:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>+24 V\n  \u2502\n  \u2502 Brown\n  \u25bc\n\u250c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2510\n\u2502 Sensor   \u2502\n\u2502   PNP    \u2502\n\u2514\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u252c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2518\n     \u2502 Black\n     \u2502\n     \u25bc\n    X0 PLC\n\nBlue\n  \u2502\n  \u25bc\n  0 V\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ketika sensor OFF:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>Output sensor \u2248 0 V\n       \u2193\n      X0\n       \u2193\n   PLC = OFF\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ketika sensor ON:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>Output sensor \u2248 24 V\n       \u2193\n      X0\n       \u2193\n   PLC = ON\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">8. Latihan pengukuran yang sangat bagus untuk siswa<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Saya sarankan guru membuat tabel seperti ini.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>Kondisi<\/th><th>Titik ukur<\/th><th>Hasil yang diharapkan<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Power supply<\/td><td>+24 V \u2192 0 V<\/td><td>\u2248 24 V<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Sensor OFF<\/td><td>OUT \u2192 0 V<\/td><td>\u2248 0 V*<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Sensor ON<\/td><td>OUT \u2192 0 V<\/td><td>\u2248 24 V*<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Input PLC<\/td><td>X0 \u2192 0 V<\/td><td>sesuai desain input<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">* Untuk sensor PNP yang umum. Selalu cocokkan dengan datasheet dan konfigurasi PLC yang digunakan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Siswa kemudian <strong>mengisi hasil pengukuran sebenarnya<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Misalnya:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>Power supply = 24,1 V\nSensor OFF   = 0,2 V\nSensor ON    = 23,8 V\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Dengan demikian siswa tidak hanya membaca teori, tetapi belajar <strong>mengumpulkan data dari rangkaian nyata<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">9. Troubleshooting sederhana<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ini bagian yang sangat berguna untuk siswa SMK. \ud83d\udd27<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Misalnya:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Sensor ON tetapi X0 PLC tetap OFF.<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Jangan langsung menyimpulkan PLC rusak.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Kita lakukan pemeriksaan dari sumber menuju PLC.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Langkah 1<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ukur:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>+24 V \u2192 0 V\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Apakah sekitar 24 V?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Tidak?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2192 Periksa power supply dan wiring.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Ya?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2192 Lanjut.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Langkah 2<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ukur supply sensor:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>Brown \u2192 Blue\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Apakah sekitar 24 V?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Tidak?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2192 Periksa kabel\/supply sensor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Ya?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2192 Lanjut.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Langkah 3<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ukur output sensor:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>Black \u2192 Blue\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Sensor ON tetapi hasil hanya 0 V?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2192 Periksa sensor, konfigurasi, atau wiring.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Jika output sekitar 24 V:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2192 Lanjut ke input PLC.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Langkah 4<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ukur input PLC:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>X0 \u2192 0 V\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Jika sekitar 24 V tetapi monitor PLC menunjukkan X0 OFF:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2192 Periksa konfigurasi\/common input dan wiring terminal PLC.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Dengan metode ini siswa belajar prinsip:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Jangan menebak kerusakan. Ukur dan buktikan.<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">10. Latihan praktik Bab 2<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"> Praktik: Pemeriksaan sensor PNP 24 VDC<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Peralatan:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>PLC<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Power supply 24 VDC<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Sensor PNP 3-wire<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Multimeter<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Kabel<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Benda logam sebagai objek sensor<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Tugas siswa<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>A.<\/strong> Ukur power supply:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>+24 V \u2192 0 V\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Catat hasil.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>B.<\/strong> Ukur supply sensor:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>Brown \u2192 Blue\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Catat hasil.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>C.<\/strong> Sensor OFF:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>Black \u2192 Blue\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Catat hasil.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>D.<\/strong> Sensor ON:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>Black \u2192 Blue\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Catat hasil.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>E.<\/strong> Amati X0 pada PLC.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Catat:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>Sensor OFF \u2192 X0 = ?\nSensor ON  \u2192 X0 = ?\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Soal evaluasi <\/h1>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Apa fungsi power supply 24 VDC?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Apa fungsi terminal +24 V?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Apa fungsi 0 V?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Probe multimeter merah dipasang pada terminal apa ketika mengukur tegangan?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Mengapa probe hitam biasanya ditempatkan pada COM?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Apa yang terjadi jika probe merah dan hitam tertukar?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Pada sensor PNP, berapa kira-kira tegangan output ketika sensor ON?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Apa hubungan output sensor dengan input X0?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Jika sensor mendapatkan 24 V tetapi output-nya tidak berubah ketika mendeteksi benda, apa saja yang perlu diperiksa?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Mengapa troubleshooting sebaiknya dilakukan dengan pengukuran, bukan hanya berdasarkan dugaan?<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\"> Inti Bab 2<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Saya ingin siswa mengingat satu pola sederhana:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>POWER SUPPLY\n     \u2502\n     \u25bc\n  +24 V \/ 0 V\n     \u2502\n     \u25bc\n   SENSOR\n     \u2502\n     \u25bc\n OUTPUT SENSOR\n     \u2502\n     \u25bc\n  INPUT PLC\n     \u2502\n     \u25bc\n   X0 ON\/OFF\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>MENGUKUR DAN MEMBACA WIRING 24 VDC DENGAN MULTIMETER Tujuan pembelajaran Setelah menyelesaikan bab ini, diharapkan mampu: 1. Mengenal multimeter Multimeter [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-516","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-deskripsi-kategori-logika-dasar-otomasi-selamat-da"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/otomasiplcbandung.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/516","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/otomasiplcbandung.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/otomasiplcbandung.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/otomasiplcbandung.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/otomasiplcbandung.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=516"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/otomasiplcbandung.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/516\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":607,"href":"https:\/\/otomasiplcbandung.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/516\/revisions\/607"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/otomasiplcbandung.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=516"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/otomasiplcbandung.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=516"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/otomasiplcbandung.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=516"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}