{"id":633,"date":"2026-10-10T05:00:12","date_gmt":"2026-10-10T05:00:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/otomasiplcbandung.com\/?p=633"},"modified":"2026-10-10T06:56:32","modified_gmt":"2026-10-10T06:56:32","slug":"mesin-pemilah-barang-otomatis","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/otomasiplcbandung.com\/?p=633","title":{"rendered":"MESIN PEMILAH BARANG OTOMATIS"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Program LADDER pada mesin industri <\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. Langkah Pertama: Menentukan Alokasi I\/O (Input\/Output)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Sebelum membuat program, seorang teknisi harus mendaftarkan alamat (<em>addressing<\/em>) setiap komponen ke dalam PLC. Ini seperti menentukan nomor punggung pemain.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Komponen INPUT (Alamat Sensor &amp; Tombol):<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>X0<\/strong> = Tombol <strong>START<\/strong> (Tombol untuk menyalakan sistem)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>X1<\/strong> = Tombol <strong>STOP<\/strong> (Tombol untuk mematikan sistem)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>X2<\/strong> = <strong>Sensor Fotoelektrik<\/strong> (Mendeteksi barang tinggi)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>X3<\/strong> = <strong>Reed Switch Belakang<\/strong> (Sensor posisi silinder saat mundur penuh \/ <em>Home<\/em>)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>X4<\/strong> = <strong>Reed Switch Depan<\/strong> (Sensor posisi silinder saat maju penuh \/ <em>End<\/em>)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Komponen OUTPUT (Alamat Solenoid Valve &amp; Motor):<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Y0<\/strong> = <strong>Motor Konveyor<\/strong> (Penggerak ban berjalan)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Y1<\/strong> = <strong>Solenoid A<\/strong> (Memicu katup agar silinder bergerak <strong>MAJU<\/strong>)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Y2<\/strong> = <strong>Solenoid B<\/strong> (Memicu katup agar silinder bergerak <strong>MUNDUR<\/strong>)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Catatan: Kode X dan Y biasanya digunakan pada PLC Mitsubishi\/Delta. Jika menggunakan PLC Omron menggunakan angka seperti 0.00 (Input) dan 100.00 (Output), namun logikanya tetap 100% sama!<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. Memahami 2 Kontak Dasar PLC<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bagi siswa SMK\/BLK, kunci utama <em>Ladder Diagram<\/em> hanya ada dua kontak ini:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>NO (Normally Open \/ <code>-| |--<\/code>):<\/strong> Kondisinya seperti saklar lampu di rumah yang sedang mati. Jika sensor\/tombol <strong>ditekan\/aktif<\/strong>, kontak ini akan <strong>menutup<\/strong> dan mengalirkan arus.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>NC (Normally Closed \/ <code>-|\/|--<\/code>):<\/strong> Kondisinya semula sudah tersambung. Jika sensor\/tombol <strong>ditekan\/aktif<\/strong>, kontak ini justru akan <strong>terputus<\/strong> (membuka). Biasanya digunakan untuk tombol STOP atau pembatas (<em>interlock<\/em>).<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3. Tampilan Program Ladder Diagram &amp; Penjelasannya<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Berikut adalah visualisasi program <em>Ladder Diagram<\/em> beserta penjelasan logikanya baris demi baris (<em>Rung<\/em>):<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Rung 0: Menyalakan Konveyor (Sistem Pengunci \/ Latching)<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\"> <code>  START       STOP      Internal Relay (Sistem Aktif)\n---| X0 |---|\/ X1 |---------------( M0 )\n     |\n\n     |   M0  |\n  ---|   |---|\n     \n   Internal Relay          Motor Konveyor\n---|   M0   |---------------------( Y0 )\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Cara Membaca Logikanya:<\/strong><br>Ketika Tombol START (<strong>X0<\/strong>) ditekan, arus mengalir melewati Tombol STOP (<strong>X1<\/strong>, karena NC langsung tembus) dan menyalakan <strong>Internal Relay M0<\/strong> (M0 adalah memori internal PLC untuk menandakan sistem aktif).<br><em>Kontak NO M0 di bawah X0 berfungsi sebagai <strong>pengunci<\/strong>.<\/em> Jadi saat tombol START dilepas, M0 tetap menyala. Ketika M0 aktif, Motor Konveyor (<strong>Y0<\/strong>) ikut berputar membawa barang.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Rung 1: Proses Silinder Mendorong Barang (Maju)<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\"> <code>Sistem Aktif   Sensor Tinggi   Reed Blkng     Solenoid B       Solenoid A (Maju)\n---|   M0   |------| X2 |---------| X3 |--------|\/ Y2 |------------( Y1 )\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Cara Membaca Logikanya:<\/strong><br>Jika sistem aktif (<strong>M0<\/strong> ON), ada barang tinggi lewat sehingga Sensor Aktif (<strong>X2<\/strong> ON), dan posisi silinder dipastikan sedang berada di belakang (<strong>X3<\/strong> ON), serta Solenoid B sedang mati (<strong>NC Y2<\/strong>), maka <strong>Solenoid A (Y1)<\/strong> akan menyala.<br>Udara akan masuk ke silinder dan membuat piston <strong>bergerak maju<\/strong> mendorong barang.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Rung 2: Proses Menarik Silinder Kembali (Mundur)<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\"> <code>Sistem Aktif   Sensor Depan   Solenoid A       Solenoid B (Mundur)\n---|   M0   |------| X4 |--------|\/ Y1 |------------( Y2 )\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Cara Membaca Logikanya:<\/strong><br>Ketika silinder sudah maju mentok, pantat piston akan mengenai Reed Switch Depan (<strong>X4<\/strong> ON). Di saat yang sama, program akan mematikan Solenoid A (sehingga <strong>NC Y1<\/strong> kembali tersambung). Kondisi ini memicu <strong>Solenoid B (Y2)<\/strong> untuk menyala.<br>Udara berpindah arah dan silinder <strong>bergerak mundur<\/strong> ke posisi semula secara otomatis.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4. Tips Mengajar untuk Instruktur BLK &amp; Guru SMK<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Agar siswa lebih cepat paham saat praktikum di laboratorium elektro-pneumatik:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Simulasikan Tanpa Angin Terlebih Dahulu:<\/strong> Seringkali siswa takut karena suara desisan angin pneumatik. Biarkan mereka mentransfer program ke PLC, jalankan konveyor, lalu uji sensor dengan tangan. Perhatikan apakah lampu LED pada Solenoid Valve menyala bergantian (Y1 lalu Y2). Jika elektriknya sudah benar, baru buka kran udara kompresor.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Gunakan Fitur &#8220;Force\/Modify Value&#8221;:<\/strong> Di software PLC (seperti CX-Programmer atau GX Works), ajarkan siswa cara melakukan <em>Force ON\/OFF<\/em> pada kontak secara <em>online<\/em> untuk melihat perubahan jalannya arus fiktif hijau di layar laptop.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Tanamkan Konsep Interlock (Saling Mengunci):<\/strong> Perhatikan kontak <code>|\/ Y2|<\/code> di Rung 1 dan <code>|\/ Y1|<\/code> di Rung 2. Itu adalah <em>Interlock<\/em>. Fungsinya agar Solenoid A dan Solenoid B <strong>tidak bisa menyala bersamaan<\/strong>. Jika menyala bersamaan, katup pneumatik akan macet\/stuck dan kumparan solenoid bisa terbakar.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Program LADDER pada mesin industri 1. Langkah Pertama: Menentukan Alokasi I\/O (Input\/Output) Sebelum membuat program, seorang teknisi harus mendaftarkan alamat [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-633","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-logika-dasar-otomasi"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/otomasiplcbandung.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/633","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/otomasiplcbandung.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/otomasiplcbandung.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/otomasiplcbandung.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/otomasiplcbandung.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=633"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/otomasiplcbandung.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/633\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":645,"href":"https:\/\/otomasiplcbandung.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/633\/revisions\/645"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/otomasiplcbandung.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=633"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/otomasiplcbandung.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=633"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/otomasiplcbandung.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=633"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}