{"id":697,"date":"2026-10-11T10:44:06","date_gmt":"2026-10-11T10:44:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/otomasiplcbandung.com\/?p=697"},"modified":"2026-10-12T13:13:01","modified_gmt":"2026-10-12T13:13:01","slug":"mesin-freezer","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/otomasiplcbandung.com\/?p=697","title":{"rendered":"MESIN FREEZER"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Modul Panduan Teknis untuk Sistem Freezer Komersial & Industri (Cold Storage \/ Walk-In Freezer)<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sistem freezer memiliki karakteristik unik dibandingkan chiller, terutama pada suhu operasinya yang di bawah 0\u00b0C (biasanya -18\u00b0C hingga -25\u00b0C), sehingga memerlukan sistem pencairan es (Defrost)<\/strong> yang sangat krusial.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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MODUL PANDUAN TEKNIS: SISTEM FREEZER & COLD STORAGE INDUSTRI<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Diperuntukkan: SMK TPTU, Teknisi Maintenance, dan Instruktur BLK<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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1. STRUKTUR & KODE KOMPONEN KHUSUS FREEZER<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Selain komponen dasar seperti Kompresor dan Kondenser, sistem freezer memiliki komponen khusus untuk menangani pembekuan (frosting<\/em>).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

A. Komponen Mekanikal & Aksesori Siklus<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
    \n
  • Evaporator (Unit Cooler):<\/strong> Menggunakan model tiup (Fin & Tube dengan Fan<\/em>). Terletak di dalam ruangan pembekuan.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • Accumulator:<\/strong> Tabung pengaman yang dipasang pada pipa suction<\/em> (sebelum masuk kompresor). Fungsinya menampung sisa refrigeran cair agar tidak masuk ke kompresor (liquid slugging<\/em>), karena kompresor hanya boleh mengompres gas.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • Oil Separator:<\/strong> Memisahkan oli kompresor yang ikut terbawa bersama freon panas, lalu mengembalikannya langsung ke bak oli kompresor. Sangat penting pada freezer karena oli cenderung mengental dan terjebak di evaporator akibat suhu dingin.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

    B. Komponen Sistem Defrost (Pencairan Es)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
      \n
    • Defrost Heater:<\/strong> Elemen pemanas listrik yang disisipkan di sela-sela sirip evaporator dan di bak drainase untuk mencairkan bunga es yang menumpuk.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • Defrost Thermostat \/ Bimetal:<\/strong> Sensor suhu yang menempel pada pipa evaporator. Berfungsi memastikan heater mati secara otomatis jika suhu evaporator sudah hangat (misal > 10\u00b0C), mencegah overheating<\/em> di dalam freezer.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • Drain Heater:<\/strong> Kabel pemanas khusus yang dimasukkan ke dalam pipa pembuangan air (drainage<\/em>) agar air sisa defrost tidak membeku dan menyumbat pipa di dalam ruangan dingin.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

      C. Komponen Kontrol Elektrikal<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
        \n
      • Digital Thermostat \/ Cold Room Controller (misal: Dixell, Carel, Elitech):<\/strong> Mengatur suhu ruangan (Room Temp<\/em>), durasi waktu pendinginan (Cooling Cycle<\/em>), serta waktu dan durasi pencairan es (Defrost Cycle<\/em>).<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • Solenoid Valve (SV):<\/strong> Pada freezer, SV sering digunakan untuk sistem Pump Down<\/strong>. Saat suhu tercapai, SV menutup aliran freon cair, kompresor terus menyedot freon di evaporator hingga tekanan drop (LP Switch mematikan kompresor). Ini mencegah freon mengembun di evaporator saat kompresor mati.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
        \n\n\n\n

        2. PRINSIP WIRING DIAGRAM KONTROL & DAYA FREEZER<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

        Ciri khas wiring freezer adalah adanya Interlock antara Cooling Mode dan Defrost Mode<\/strong>. Keduanya tidak boleh menyala bersamaan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        A. Logika Blok Rangkaian Kontrol (Sistem Defrost Interlock)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

        Saat Digital Controller berpindah ke mode Defrost, arus ke Kompresor dan Fan Evaporator akan diputus, lalu dialihkan ke Heater.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        [Sumber Fasa R \/ 220V]\n        \u2502\n  [MCB Control] \u2500\u2500\u2500 [Emergency Stop] \u2500\u2500\u2500 [Kontak PFR]\n                                \u2502\n                 \u250c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2534\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2510\n        [Kontak COOL \/ Kontroler]     [Kontak DEFROST \/ Kontroler]\n                 \u2502                             \u2502\n        [Overload & LP\/HP Switch]     [Bimetal Defrost Thermostat]\n                 \u2502                             \u2502\n    \u250c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2534\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2510                \u2502\n[Koil Kontaktor COMP]   [Koil Fan EVAP]   [Koil Kontaktor HEATER]\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
        Prinsip Lapangan:<\/em>Fan Evaporator<\/strong> harus mati saat defrost agar panas dari heater tidak ditiupkan ke dalam ruangan freezer. Fan juga baru boleh menyala beberapa menit setelah kompresor menyala (Fan Delay<\/em>) untuk mencegah hembusan udara hangat setelah defrost.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
        \n\n\n\n
        3. PANDUAN TROUBLESHOOTING FREEZER LAPANGAN<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
        Kode Eror \/ Gejala<\/th>Kemungkinan Penyebab Utama<\/th>Langkah Investigasi & Solusi Lapangan<\/th><\/tr>
        Evaporator Blok Es \/ Salju Tebal (Evap Ice Up)<\/strong><\/td>\u2022 Defrost Heater<\/em> putus\/rusak.
        \u2022 Kontaktor heater tidak bekerja.
        \u2022 Pengaturan Defrost Timer<\/em> terlalu jarang atau terlalu singkat.<\/td>        		1. Ukur resistansi (\u03a9) heater menggunakan Avometer untuk cek putus\/tidak.
        2. Cek apakah bimetat\/thermostat defrost rusak (selalu open<\/em>).
        3. Ubah parameter controller agar durasi defrost lebih lama (misal dari 20 menit menjadi 30 menit).<\/td><\/tr>
        Suhu Freezer Tidak Bisa Turun (Mentok di 0\u00b0C atau -5\u00b0C)<\/strong><\/td>\u2022 Freon kurang akibat bocor halus.
        \u2022 Solenoid valve<\/em> macet\/tidak membuka penuh.
        \u2022 Pintu cold room tidak rapat (gasket<\/em> bocor).<\/td>        		1. Cek tekanan freon (Suhu -20\u00b0C biasanya tekanan LP berada di kisaran 10-20 psi tergantung jenis freon).
        2. Raba bodi solenoid valve, pastikan koilnya magnetis (menarik obeng saat aktif).
        3. Cek karet pintu dengan menyelipkan selembar kertas; jika kertas mudah ditarik, karet harus diganti.<\/td><\/tr>
        Kompresor Trip Overload \/ Proteksi Internal Aktif<\/strong><\/td>\u2022 Terjadi pembuntuan oli (oil logging<\/em>) di evaporator.
        \u2022 Kondenser kotor (suhu kondensasi terlalu tinggi).
        \u2022 Tegangan listrik drop saat beban puncak.<\/td>        		1. Matikan unit, lakukan defrost total untuk mencairkan es dan membiarkan oli kembali ke kompresor.
        2. Bersihkan sirip kondenser.
        3. Ukur tegangan (Volt) saat kompresor berusaha melakukan starting<\/em>.<\/td><\/tr>
        Air Pembuangan Meluap \/ Bak Evaporator Banjir<\/strong><\/td>\u2022 Pipa pembuangan air (drain<\/em>) tersumbat es.
        \u2022 Drain heater<\/em> (kabel pemanas pipa) rusak\/putus.<\/td>        		1. Tembak pipa pembuangan dengan air hangat hingga sumbatan es mencair.
        2. Pastikan kabel pemanas di dalam pipa drain teraliri listrik 220V dan terasa hangat.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
        \n\n\n\n
        4. METODE PUMP DOWN (WAJIB DIKUASAI TEKNISI REFRIGERASI)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
          \n
        1. Pasang Manifold Gauge<\/em> pada katup suction<\/em> (isap) dan discharge<\/em> (tekan) kompresor.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        2. Tutup rapat katup manual di pipa keluar Receiver Tank<\/em> (pipa cairan\/liquid line sebelum solenoid).<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        3. Nyalakan mesin. Kompresor akan menyedot sisa freon di pipa liquid, ekspansi, dan evaporator, lalu menyimpannya di kondenser\/receiver tank.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        4. Perhatikan jarum manifold Low Pressure<\/em>. Saat jarum mendekati 0-2 psi (hampir vakum)<\/strong>, segera matikan kompresor.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        5. Tutup katup suction<\/em> kompresor. Sekarang area evaporator aman dibongkar tanpa kebocoran freon.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
          Modul Panduan Teknis untuk Sistem Freezer Komersial & Industri (Cold Storage \/ Walk-In Freezer). Sistem freezer memiliki karakteristik unik dibandingkan […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-697","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-logika-dasar-otomasi"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/otomasiplcbandung.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/697","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/otomasiplcbandung.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/otomasiplcbandung.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/otomasiplcbandung.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/otomasiplcbandung.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=697"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/otomasiplcbandung.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/697\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":699,"href":"https:\/\/otomasiplcbandung.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/697\/revisions\/699"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/otomasiplcbandung.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=697"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/otomasiplcbandung.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=697"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/otomasiplcbandung.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=697"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}